TIADA BATAS WAKTU DAN USIA UNTUK BELAJAR

Kamis, 28 Februari 2013

Model-model Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris

     Pengajaran yang efektif tergantung dari pemahaman mengenai arti mengajar, kebutuhan guru, perencanan pengajaran dan materi ajar yang baik, termasuk monitoring belajar dan mengajar. Sebuah pengajaran yang efektif dapat menjawab beberapa pertanyaan berikut: 
a. Bagaimana kualitas pengajaran dapat diperoleh dan dipertahankan dalam sebuah program pengajaran 

b. Menguji faktor-faktor yang terlibat dalam penciptaan kondisi untuk sebuah pengajaran yang dilakukan 

c. Kualitas pengajaran diperoleh bukan hanya seberapa bagusnya seorang guru tetapi bagaimana seorang guru dapat m enciptakan konteks dan menggunakan lingkungan sebagai fasilitas belajar. 
     
    Secara mendasar, pengajaran yang efektif dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan guru menyampaikan materi kepada siswa. Setelah guru memahami materi apa yang akan diajarkan kepada siswa (content knowledge), langkah selanjutnya adalah bagaimana materi tersebut diajarkan kepada siswa. Tentunya penguasaan guru terhadap pendekatan, metode atau teknik pengajaran (practical knowledge) yang dipakai harus baik juga. Pada era sekarang pendekatan pengajaran yang dipakai adalah fokus kepada kemampuan berkomunikasi bukan lagi pada tataran grammar. Tahun 1970 an disebut sebagai era dimana orang ‘going communicative’. Pengajaran bahasa bergerak dari grammar focus kepada bagaimana bahasa digunakan dalam berbagai konteks komunikasi. 


Communicative Approach 
     Pada pendekatan komunikatif, fokus pengajaran adalah autentik komunikasi, dilakukan secara berpasangan dan aktifitas grup yang melibatkan proses diskusi dan berbagi informasi. Kelancaran berkomunikasi menjadi prioritas. Pendekatan Communicative      

Language Teaching memiliki empat asumsi mengenai bahasa, yaitu: 
1) Bahasa adalah sistem untuk mengekspresikan makna/maksud 
2) Fungsi utama bahasa adalah untuk interaksi dan komunikasi 
3) Struktur bahasa merefleksikan kegunaannya pada fungsi dan komunikasi 
4) Unit utama bahasa adalah tidak hanya pada fitur grammar atau struktur melainkan pada fungsi dan makna yang komunikatif. Keempat asumsi dasar mengenai bahasa di atas mengisaratkan aspek bahasa apa yang seharusnya diajarkan, bagaimana bahasa diajarkan didalam kelas dan bagaimana kompetensi bahasa dievaluasi. 

     Berikut adalah prinsip-prinsip pengajaran bahasa menggunakan CLT dari Larsen-Freeeman (1986:128-130) 
1)  Pengajaran bahasa harus dilakukan berdasarkan konteks.

2)  Bahasa sasaran merupakan alat komunikasi dalam kegiatan kelas bukan sebagai objek  belajar 

3)  Siswa harus menggunakan bahasa menggunakan discourse 

4)  Games cocok digunakan untuk membentuk kegiatan komunikasi lebih nyata 

5)  Siswa diberi kesempatan untuk mengekspresikan ide atau pendapatnya 

6)  Salah satu tanggung jawab utama guru adalah menciptakan suasana atau situasi yang menekankan pada kegiatan komunikasi 

7)  Konteks sosial dari kegiatan komunikasi penting diberikan untuk mengartikan ujaran 8) Mempelajari menggunakan bentuk bahasa secara tepat merupakan bagian penting dari kompetensi komunikatif. 

9)  Guru bertindak sebagai penasihat selama aktivitas komunikasi 

10) Siswa harus diberi kesempatan untuk mengembangkan strategi untuk menginterpretasi bahasa seperti yang biasa dilakukan oleh native speaker. 

Genre based approach          
Pendekatan berbasis genre dalam pengajaran berfokus pada pemahaman dan produksi jenis teks baik tulis dan lisan. Pendekatan ini berkenaan dengan knowledge of the topic, style of genre dan context. Genre-Based Approach memperkenalkan proses belajar mengajar dengan melibatkan tiga tahapan pengajaran berdasarkan pedagogical literacy strategy dari John, Ann M. (2002), yaitu Modelling, Joint Negotiation of Text, Independent Construction of Text. Sebagai contoh penulis memberikan contoh penggunaan genre based approach dalam pengajaran menulis teks recount berdasarkan pedagogical literacy strategy, sebagai berikut: 

1) Introduce and arouse the students’ perception towards the recount text—the generic structure, function, and linguistic feautures. (building knowledge of the field—recount text) 

2) Give them model of the recount text, and have them to analyze the text based on the generic structure, social function, and lexicogrammatical. (modelling of the text) 

3) Let them join together and have them the product of recount text in the form of discussion, guided by the teacher. The teacher may use cooperative learning method to make them cooperate and produce the best product and discussion and inquiry technique that insist students to find their own ideas.(joint construction) 

4) Give them chance to make their own product. They may find ideas themselves, orginizing ideas and generating ideas with good steps of writing process--constructing ideas, drafting, conferencing, editing, and publishing. (independent construction). 
Berikut beberapa metode dan teknik yang bisa digunakan dalam pengajaran yang memiliki prinsip-prinsip comunicative language teaching maupun natural approach. 

Contextual Teaching Learning 
     Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) merupakan proses pembelajaran yang holistic dan bertujuan membantu siswa untuk memahami makna materi ajar dengan mengaitkannya terhadap konteks kehidupan mereka sehari-hari (konteks pribadi, sosial dan kultural), sehingga siswa memiliki pengetahuan/keterampilan yang dinamis dan fleksibel untuk mengkonstruksi sendiri secara aktif pemahamannya. Menurut Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2003: 10), 

Tujuh komponen CTL adalah sebagai berikut: 
a. Construktivism 
Membangun pemahaman mereka sendiri dari pengalaman baru berdasar pada pengetahuan awal. Pembelajaran harus dikemas menjadi proses “mengkonstruksi” bukan menerima pengetahuan. 

b. Inquiry 
Proses perpindahan dari pengamatan menjadi pemahaman. Siswa belajar menggunakan keterampilan berpikir kritis. 

c. Questioning 
Kegiatan guru untuk mendorong, membimbing dan menilai kemampuan berpikir siswa. Siswa yang merupakan bagian penting dalam pembelajaran yang berbasis inquiry. 

d. Learning Community 
Sekelompok orang yang terikat dalam kegiatan belajar dan bekerjasama dengan orang lain lebih baik daripada belajar sendiri. Siswa saling tukar pengalaman dan berbagi ide. 

e. Modeling 
Proses penampilan suatu contoh agar orang lain berpikir, bekerja dan belajar. Mengerjakan apa yang guru inginkan agar siswa mengerjakannya. 

f. Reflection 
Mengukur pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa, adanya penilaian produk (kinerja), adanya tugas-tugas yang relevan dan kontekstual. 

g. Authentic Assessment 
Cara berpikir tentang apa yang telah kita pelajari, mencatat apa yang telah dipelajari, membuat jurnal, karya seni, diskusi kelompok. 

Pembelajaran Kreatif Produktif
     Model pembelajaran kreatif produktif menuntut mahasiswa dapat menghasilkan sesuatu yang kreatif sebagai re-kreasi atau pencerminan pemahamannya terhadap masalah/topik yang sedang dikaji. Menurut Depdiknas (2007 : 112), “Model pembelajaran kreatif produktif merupakan model yang dikembangkan dengan mengacu kepada berbagai pendekatan pembelajaran yang diasumsikan mampu meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil belajar. Pendekatan tersebut antara lain : Belajar aktif, kreatif, konstruktif, serta kolaboratif dan kooperatif.” Pada dasarnya, kegiatan pembelajaran dibagi menjadi empat langkah, yaitu: orientasi, eksplorasi, interpretasi, dan rekreasi. Berikut langkah-langkah tersebut: 
1) Orientasi 
Kegiatan orientasi ini dilakukan untuk mengkomunikasikan dan menyepakati tugas dan langkah pembelajaran. Dosen mengkomunikasikan tujuan, materi, waktu, langkah, hasil akhir yang diharapkan dari mahasiswa serta penilaian yang akan diterapkan. 

2) Eksplorasi 
Siswa melakukan eksplorasi terhadap masalah/konsep yang akan dikaji. Eksplorasi dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, seperti membaca, melakukan observasi, wawancara, menonton satu pertunjukan, melakukan percobaan, browsing lewat internet, dan sebagainya, yang bisa dilakukan baik secara individual maupun kelompok. 

3) Interpretasi 
Hasil eksplorasi diinterpretasikan melalui kegiatan analisis dan diskusi, dan tanya jawab. 

4) Re-kreasi 
Siswa ditugaskan untuk menghasilkan sesuatu yang mencerminkan pemahamannya terhadap konsep/topik/masalah yang dikaji menurut kreasinya masing-masing. (Depdiknas, 2007 : 114) 

A Guided Reading with The Very Hungry Caterpillar, by Eric Carle (1969).  

Before Reading : 

1) Choose Books: 
Find multiple copies of a children’s book appropriate for the group. Ask your school or public librarian for help in choosing and finding copies, or use “little books” or a selection from a literature-based reading series For example, you could use Eric Carle’s The Very Hungry Caterpillar from the first-grade level of Houghton Miflin’s series Invitations to Literacy (1997). It is a wonderfully illustrated story about a caterpillar who eats a different food each day of the week, gets a stomach ache, and the turns into a cocoon and finally a butterfly. This book uses the predictable patterns of numbers and days of the week and vocabulary about food and the life cycle of a butterfly. 

2) Introduce the Book: 
Show the cover or an illustration, and read the title and the author. 

3) Make Predictions: 
Ask students, “What do you think the story is about ? Why? 

4) Activate Prior Knowledge: 
Ask students, “What do you know about caterpillars? What do you know about the author, Eric Carle? What else do yo know that you want to share?” 

5) “Word Wall”: 
Write down the children’s predictions, prior knowledge, and ideas on a word wall. Keep this simple. Use a small dryerase board, chalkboard, or paper on a clipboard, since you will be working with a small group. Put the children’s initials next to their comments to build self-esteem, encourage ownership, and remember who said them! 

During Reading :
1) Observe Reading: 
Direct children to read the first two pages of the book silently, observing them and providing support by responding to any questions they have about the story or words in it. Tell students to look up when they have finished reading. 

2) Verify Prediction and Make New Ones: 
Ask students to verify the predictions they made (which you may have noted on the word wall), and make further predictions about what will happen in the story. Ask “ What do you think will happen next? Why do you think so?” 

3) Continue Reading and Predicting: 
Continue to read the story as follows: 
a. Direct children to continue reading the next two pages, including the partial pages that tell about the days of the week and the food the caterpillar ate each day, and see what happens. Tells students to look up when they have finished reading. 

b. Again ask students to verify their predictions and make new ones (e.g., “What might the caterpillar do about his stomach ache?). After each prediction, ask “Why do you think so?” 

c. Direct children to read the next three pages, which tell how the caterpillar ate a green leaf and felt better, was now a “big, fat caterpillar,” and made himself cocoon. Tell students to look up when they have finished reading. 

d. Again ask students to verify their predictions and make a new one: Ask” What do you think will happen when the caterpillar pushes his way out of the cocoon?” Also ask “Why do you think so?”Then read the last page to find out: “He was a beautiful butterfly!” 

After Reading :
1)Discuss the Story: 
Ask children to talk about their predictions, verifications, ideas, questions, and personal responses or connections with their own lives. 

2) Reread: 
Encourage children to read section aloud that confirm or disconfirm their predictions or that interested them. Talk about predictions or that interested them. Talk about predictions that cannot be verified directly by the text but can be inferred. Discuss any differencesamong ideas the children may have. 

3) Teach Minilessons : 
Focus on appropriate skills or strategies related to this story. For example: Have students read the last page in the story, and ask how they knew the word butterfly (i.e., by using the illustration as a context clue). Ask students to identify the unit (rime) in all the words for the days of the week (-ay), and make a list of other words with this rime. Make a list of all vocabulary words for food, and ask volunteers to read them (apple, pears, plums, strawberries, oranges, chocolate cake, ice cream cone, pickle, Swiss cheese, salami, lollipop, cherry pie, sausage, cupcake, watermelon, and leaf-caterpillar food). These words can also be put on cards and sorted by type of food, number of syllables, compound words , and so on. 

Productive discussion 
     Diskusi seharusnya dapat menjadi fasilitas bagi siswa untuk mendapatkan pengalaman belajar yang lebih lengkap daripada sekedar belajar secara individual. Teknik diskusi bisa digunakan ketika pada proses pengajaran siswa tidak lagi begitu memperhatikan materi dengan baik. Dengan diskusi mereka bisa mendapatkan kembali semangat belajarnya karena setiap individu harus merasa terlibat secara langsung untuk menyelesaikan tugas kelompoknya. 
     Berikut tahapan-tahapan dalam melaksanakan teknik diskusi: 
1) Siswa berpikir mengenai topik dan membuat catatan mengenai ide awal.
2) Siswa membentuk kelompok dan bertukar pikiran satu dengan lainnya 
3) Setelah diskusi kelompok, dilanjutkan dengan diskusi kelas dengan beberapa siswa menjadi pembicara 
4) Guru memberikan saran atau pandangannya yang baru dalam upaya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa 
5) Seluruh siswa berpikir kembali mengenai topik dan menulis laporan sebagai hasil akhir. 

Beberapa hal bisa dilakukan agar diskusi bisa lebih baik, diantaranya: 
a.  Sediakan daftar topik yang provokatif atau isu yang aktual 
b. Tunjuk seorang siswa sebagai pemimpin diskusi 
c. Gunakan visual aids 
d. Tunjuk notulen yang akan mencatat setiap informasi 
e. Tentukan beberapa siswa sebagai pembicara untuk setiap group 
f.  Maksimalkan kontak mata 
g. Gunakan posisi duduk yang bisa satu sama lain saling berhadapan h.Lakukan dengan grup kecil (Harmin, Merril and Melanie Toth: tanpa tahun) 

Brainstorming 
     Brainstorming merupakan strategi curah pendapat dalam suatu diskusi yang mencakup saling berbagi pengalaman, ide, maupun gagasan. Menurut Jones, Russel (2004:4), brainstorming telah diperluas untuk mencakup cara-cara yang lebih terstruktur menghasilkan ide-ide seperti peta pikiran dan teknik visual lainnya. Teknik ini digunakan agar siswa beripikir tentang isu secara terbuka dan komprehesif. Teknik ini akan membantu siswa yang terkadang kurang begitu peduli dengan masalah-masalah yang ada dalam kehidupannya sendiri menjad terbasa untuk berpikir dengan hati-hati mengenai permasalah mereka termasuk permasalah dalam belajar mereka. 
     Terdapat beberapa langkah dalam menggunakan strategi brainstorming sebagai berikut: 
1) Perkenalkan brainstorming di kelas. 
2) Perkenalkan topik atau masalah dengan jelas. 
3) Berikan siswa batas waktu untuk memecahkan sebuah masalah. 
4) Berikan kesempatan siswa mereka untuk berbagi ide, seaneh apapun itu tergantung terhadap masalahnya dan ingatkan mereka supaya tidak saling mengkritik ide satu sama lain dengan cara apapun. Kemudian mendorong mereka untuk membangun ide masing-masing serta jangan terpaku terlalu lama terhadap satu ide. 
5) Berikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk brainstorm baik secara individu maupun berpasangan. 

Story Mapping 
Story mapping merupakan teknik yang melatih siswa memahami struktur sebuah cerita narrative. Graphic organizer dapat menolong siswa memahami elemen sebuah cerita dengan mengidentifikasi karakter, plot, setting, konflik, solusi. Hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan cara cerita dibagi menjadi tiga bagian besar, yaitu permulaan (beginning), inti (middle), dan akhir (end) sebuah cerita. 

Freewriting 
Freewriting seperti halnya namanya merupakan teknik yang membantu siswa secara sederhana untuk mulai menulis dan membiarkan ide mereka mengalir dari pikiran mereka tanpa terhalang/terganggu dengan aturan-aturan mekanik dan revisi. Dengan teknik ini siswa dapat menulis apa yang diinginkan, melahirkan ide-ide dan mengembangkan kefasihan menulis. 

Freewriting dapat dilakukan dengan mengikuti beberapa tahapan, sebagai berikut: 
1) Pilihlah sebuah topik 
2) Tulislah dalam 5 sampai 10 menit tanpa berhenti berpikir, membaca kembali, dan membuat koreksi 
3) Tulislah “ I don’t know what to write about” atau prase yang sama sampai didapatkan ide berikutnya 
4) Setelah waktu berakhir, baca kembali tulisan dan lingkari ide yang masih bisa dikembangkan 
5) Kemudian, lanjutkan penulisan dalam waktu 5 sampai 10 menit, dan begitu seterusnya. (Hoskisson, Tompkins, 1991:210)

Materi PLPG 2012

Rabu, 27 Februari 2013

Indikator dan contoh Soal UN Bahasa inggris SMP

  SOAL BAHASA INGGRIS SMP
Choose the best answer.
Read the text to answer questions 1 and 2.
Awesome congratulations
To: Ahmad Fikri
For: Being a bright and enthusiastic student in 1/2J. Your bright smile lights up our classroom everyday. Great work this year Fikri.
Joanne

Indikator     : Menentukan gambaran umum teks fungsional pendek.
Soal:
1. What is the text about?
A.  A letter from a teacher                         C.   A greeting card
B.  A student report                                  D.   An email
Indikator   : Menentukan informasi tersirat dalam teks fungsional pendek.
Soal:
2. Joanne is Fikri’s
    A. mom.                   B. friend.             C. headmaster.                 D. teacher.
Read the text to answer question 3.
Santi,
Our plan to visit our friends who suffer from Merapi eruption is cancelled. The weather is not good to fly. I will let you know later.
Sari

 Indikator             : Menentukan gambaran umum teks fungsional pendek
Soal:
3. The note tells the time for…
    A. Term 2.                 B. assembly.         C.  school concert.     D.preparation of acts.

 Read the text to answer questions 4 and 5.
Santi,
Our plan to visit our friends who suffer from Merapi eruption is cancelled. The weather is not good to fly. I will let you know later.
Sari
 Indikator         : Menentukan informasi rinci teks fungsional pendek
Soal            :
4.  From the text we know that …
    A. Santi and Sari go to Merapi.                              C. Merapi’s weather is fine.
    B. Sari and Santi cancell their visit.                          D. Sari suffers from Merapi eruption
.
Indikator        : Menentukan informasi tersirat
Soal:
5. How are Santi and Sari going to visit their friends?
    A. By bus                         B. By ship                  C.  By train            D. By  plane
   
Read the text to answer questions 6 and 7.
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Hansen
request the company of
Mr. and Mrs. Ben Johnson Brown
on the occasion of their
25th Wedding Anniversary
on Saturday 28 May at 8. p.m.
Taman Orchid Indah Block 2 D No. 4
Cengkareng Jakarta Barat
R.S.V.P: Windy (02154390231)
 
Indikator           : Menentukan informasi tertentu
Soal:                                     
6. Who will celebrate the wedding anniversary?
    A. Windy         B. Mr. and Mrs. Brown    C. Mr. and Mrs. Hansen        D. The company
Indikator           : Menentukan tujuan komunikatif teks.
Soal:
7. Whatis the text written for?
   A. To invite somebody to a party        
   B. To celebrate a wedding anniversary   
   C. To inform the marriage of Mr. and Mrs.Hansen
   D. To give direction for Taman Orchid Indah Block 2D
Read the text to answer questions 8 and9.
ANNOUNCEMENT
To : All students of SMP Bahagia Semarang.
To celebrate the National Education Day,Students body will hold some interesting programs such as English Speech Contest, Debate, and Class Wall Magazine Competition.
When: May 2, 2012 8 am onwards.
Where: School hall
Registration: Mr.Andi, the coordinator of this program.
Indikator           : Menentukan gambaran umum teks
Soal:
8. What does the text announce?
    A. A Student Organization                                            C. A National Day Celebration
    B. An English Speech Contest                                       D. A National Education Day ceremony
Indikator           :  Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
Soal:
9. Based on the text we can say that ...
A. the programs will last for 4 hours.               C. two competitions will be held.
B. the programs will be held in the morning.    D. Mr.Andi is the organizerof the programs.
Read the text to answer questions 10 to 12.
Indikator: Menentukan gambaran umum teks
Soal:
10. The text above is a … advertisement.
      A. food           B. drink                       C. school                        D. classroom

    Indikator   : Menentukan informasi rinci
    Soal:
11. Classroom Cuisine is…
     A. a kind of lunch.                       C. person’s name.
     B. a catering company.                 D. the school’s name
Indikator      : Menentukan informasi rinci B. By ship  B. By ship  B. By ship 
B. By ship 
Soal:
12. Parents can orderlunch…
     A. online.           B. by phone.         C. by going to school.         D. by delivery.
Read the text to answer questions 13 to 15.
                                                                       Edinburgh, 19 November 2011
                                                               
Dear John,
I told you that I was going to England, but actually I was heading for Scotland. I applied for a job and I went for an interview yesterday. The manager and the factory supervisor interviewed me. At first I found it difficult to understand them but I managed to answer all their questions. I’ll know on Friday before I return whether I get the job or not.
Tomorrow I plan to go to the National Museum of Scotland, the Palace of Holy Roodhouse, the Queen’s residence when she’s in Scotland.I’m going to spent a few more days here enjoying the city which I hope will become my home for the next few years.
I’ll ring you when I hear something about my job on Friday.
Bye,
Peter

Indikator : Menentukan informasi tertentu
 Soal:
13. Where is Peter writing the letter from?
     A. Edinburgh           B. Scotland                 C. England                   D. His home
Indikator : Menentukan informasi tersirat
Soal:
14. We know that Peter
    A. will call his friend after getting a job.            C. will get the interviewresult on Friday
    B. hopes to stay in Edinburgh for a few days..    D. will go to see National Museum in Edinburgh.
Indikator : Menentukan makna kata/frasa dalam teks
Soal:
15. The word “heading” in I was heading for Scotlandcould be replaced with..
.    A.living in.           B. going to.           C. staying in.           D. moving to.
Read the text to answer  question 16
Indikator : Menentukan gambaran umum teks 
Soal:
16. What does the text remind us about?
A.Being sure about books                                       C. When to return all library books
B. Returning library books                                      D. Where to return the library books
Read the text to answer  questions 17 to 21
If you are a sports fan, you are sure to know the name Michael Jordan.  He is probably the greatest basketball player the world has ever seen. Although his career as a player is over, his fame will live on for many years to come.
Michael Jordan certainly looks like a star. He is tall, well-built and handsome, with friendly brown eyes and a wide grin. He always manages to look well-dressed, even in his casual clothes or smart suits.
His personality, too, is as outstanding as his playing ability. Michael is a very determined person. This has made him a successful basketball star. He has given lots of money and support to charities.
All in all, Michael Jordan is not only a great athlete, but also a warm, caring person. Is it no wonder that so many boys have dreamed of growing up to be just like him?

Indikator : Menentukan gambaran umum isi teks
Soal:
17. The best title for the text is…
     A. a warm, caring person.                               C. a sports fan.
     B. Michael Jordan.                                         D. a famous star.
Indikator : Menentukan informasi rincitersirat.
Soal:
18. Why is he famous?
A. He is handsome                                  C.  Sports fans know him
B. He gives charity..                                D. The author admires him
Indikator    : Menentukan pikiran utama paragraf
19. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
      A. Michael Jordan is handsome.                    C. His playing ability is great
      B. Everyone dreams to be Michael Jordan.     D. Michael Jordan has great personality
Indikator   : Menentukan makna kata/frasa
Soal:
20. The wordoutstanding in “His personality, too, is as outstanding as his playing ability” means…
     A. great.            B.  warm.             C. famous..                  D.  determined
Indikator : Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
Soal:
21. The text indicates that the writer is…
     A. Michael Jordan’s son.                C. Michael Jordan’s coach
     B  Michael Jordan’s fan.                D. Michael Jordan himself.
Read the text to answer  questions 22 to 25
      Rafflesia can be found in the forests of Malaysia, Southern Thailand, Sumatra and Java. But, Rafflesia flowers are fairly hard to locate. It is especially difficult to see them in bloom. Its buds take up to 10 months to develop while its blossom lasts for just a few days.
      Rafflesia has brownish, scale like leaves and fleshy, smelling flowers of various sizes, from few inches to meter big in diameter. We usually noticeits large fleshy flowers. There is a deep well in the centre of the flowers. The sexual organs are located beneath the rim of the disk. Male and female flowers are separate.
      The reddish brown colors of the petals, sprinkled with white freckles produce unpleasant stench, similar to rotting flesh. This would attract flies and insects which help disperse the seeds. Rafflesia isparasite, which means it takes the nutrient out of itshost.
Indikator : Menentukan gambaran umum isi teks
Soal:
22. The text mainly describes… of Rafflesia
     A. the location      B. the petals        C. the sexual organs        D. physical look
Indikator : Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
23. It is hard to find Rafflesia because of its…
     A. location.               B. short life.                 C. large size.                D. smell.
Indikator  : Menentukan informasi rinci 
Soal:
24. What is the unpleasant smell for?
      A. People repellent   B. Attracting insects     C. Attractinghost    D. Protection
Indikator  : Menentukan makna kata/frasa
Soal:
25. The word ‘notice’ in paragraph 2 means…
      A. smell.           B. see.               C. find.            D. locate.

Read the textto answer  questions 26 to 30
Cooking and microorganisms
(We learnt that yeast is a fungus and that it is a microorganism)
Today we made Pita bread. We used yeast and flour to make it. We made the dough and then needed to knead it until it’s smooth and flat. I moulded and made it to a love-heart shape. Then we cooked it under the grill for several minutes so it’s perfectly cooked. I think my Pita bread is going to be delicious.
By Putri 3/4 E.


Indikator: Menentukan gambaran umum
Soal:
26. The text above is about….
A. . How to make pita bread                                  C. A cooking class demonstration
B. Making fungus and bread                                  D. A biology lesson
Indikator         : Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
.
Soal:
27. Who is probably Putri?
A. A cook     B. A student       C. A teacher              D. A school principal
Indikator: Menentukan rujukan kata dalam teks
Soal:
28. “It” in “I moulded and made it” refers to…
A. flour.      B. shape.           C. dough.           D. pita.
Indikator           : Menentukan informasi tersirat 
Soal:
29. How did Putri feel about her Pita?
A. Happy          B. Sad              C. Flat           D. Confused
Indikator: Menentukan makna kata/frasa
Soal:
30. The synonym of “knead” in “..needed to knead it…” is…
A. mould.           B. make.              C. use.          D. cook.

Read the text to answer  questions 31 to 36
Last autumn I was in India during Diwali, the “Festival of Lights” which takes place every year to celebrate the victory of good over evil. This festival lasts for five days and is held at the end of October or in the first week of November.
Preparations began weeks before the event. People cleaned their homes and painted wonderful designs called rangolis on the walls and floors. They bought beautiful new clothes and jewelry to wear during the festival. Women made delicious sweets which were better than any others I have ever tasted.
During the five days of Diwali, every home and temple was decorated, inside and outside, with lovely clay lamps and colourful candles. After dark, the whole neighbourhood glittered with thousands of tiny lights, as though in a fairy tale. Excited children set off firecrackers, and at first I was frightened by the loud bangs, but the spectacular display was so fascinating that I soon joined in the spirit of celebration.
Diwali is a deeply moving festival. I am very grateful I had the chance to share in this celebration of peace and harmony. I have fond memories of the experience, and in particular I will never forget how friendly and generous people were.
Indikator: Menentukan informasi tertentu
Soal:
31. What is Diwali?
A. Celebration                                      C. Festival of Lights
B. Wonderful designs                            D. Home and temple in India
Indikator            : Menentukan pikiran utama paragraf
Soal:                   
32. The main idea of paragraph 3is…
A. The preparations for Diwali was very long.
B. Diwali was celebrated everywhere.
C. The writer was very happy with Diwali.
D. During Diwali, houses were decorated with lamps and candles.
Indikator        : Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
Soal:
33. When is Diwali held?
A. In Autumn
B. Every year
C. First week of November
D. End of October
Indikator           : Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
Soal:
34. What did the kids do during the celebration?
A. Buying new clothes                                  C. Painting their homes
B. Setting off firecrackers                             D.. Lighting the lights
Indikator: Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
.
Soal:
35. From the text we know that …
A. Diwali was a fairy tale.
B. the writer were afraid of the festival.
C. all ages joined the celebration.
D. Diwali was an ordinary festival.
Indikator           : Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
.
Soal:
36. The writer feels that Diwali is a…festival.
A. frightening         B. .fascinating             C.peaceful             D. moving  
 



Read the text to answer  questions 37 to 42 
Sung-Yow  has a secret. He could paint a picture and make it come alive! This only happened when the painting was finished. Sung-Yow loved to paint dragons. He left out their eyes because he didn’t want them to come alive. In this way his secret stayed a secret.
The king heard that Sung-Yow was good at painting dragons. He asked Sung-Yow to paint four dragons on a wall. In three days the painting was almost finished. The dragons looked like they could jump off the wall. They didn’t jump because Sung-Yow had left out their eyes.
People came from far away to see the paintings.
“The dragons look so real,” they said.
“But where are their eyes?” they asked.
“If I dotted the eyes, the dragons would fly away,” said Sung-Yow.
Everyone laughed. No one believed him. Sung-Yow was not happy. This time he would NOT leave out the eyes. He painted little black dots on two of the dragons.
Crash! Crack! the wall split open. Two dragons jumped off the wall. Sung-Yow went on to become a very famous artist with a very famous secret.
In China when someone adds a finishing touch to a work, people might say “Draw Dragon Dot Eyes”. 
Read the text to answer  questions 37 to 42

Indikator     : Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
Soal:
37. What is Sung-Yow’s secret?
A. He could paint dragons.
B. His king knows him.
C. Draw Dragon Dot Eye.
D. His painting could come alive.
Indikator  : Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
Soal:
38 Why was the painting almost finished? Because…
A. the dragons looked so real
B. he did not finish it
C. people were asking
D. the dragons jumped off the wall
Indikator   : Menentukan informasi rinci tersurat
Soal:
39. How could Sun-Yow become famous?
A. He was asked by the king.
B. Everyone liked him.
C. People saw knew secret.
D. He made a saying “Draw Dragons Dot Eyes”.
Indikator  : Menentukan informasi rinci tersirat
Soal:
40. What happened to the unfinished painting of two dragons?
A. Jumping off the wall
B. Remained on the wall
C. Had two dot eyes
D. Split the wall
.
Indikator  : Menentukan rujukan kata dalam teks
Soal:
41. “Their”in “But where are their eyes?”refers to…
A. people.
B. two dragons.
C. four dragons.
D. everyone.
Indikator  : Menentukan gambaran umum isi teks
Soal:
42. What’s possible title for the text?
A. Draw Dragon Dot Eyes
B. Sung-Yow
C. Alive dragons
D. Secret dragons painting

For questions 43 to 45, complete the text with appropriate words
It was (43)……in the little cottage in the woods. Snow White (44)…..each Dwarf good night and tucked them into bed.
“Wait! Wait!” called out Happy before she blew out the candle.
“Please tell us a story!”
“(45) ……,” said Snow White, smiling.
Indikator  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
Soal:
43. A.  night       B. morning     C.afternoon        D. midnight
Indikator  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
.
Soal:
44.
    A. wiped             B. kissed      C. smiled        D. touched
Indikator  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
Soal:
45. A Oh no           B. Good              C.Very well                D.I am sorry
How to scramble eggs
Break eggs into bowl. Add 1 tablespoon milk or cream and a dash of (46)……….for each egg. Beat well with fork. Heat half tablespoon fat for each egg in moderately hot skillet.  (47)….in mixture and reduce heat. Cook (48)….., turning gently as mixture sets at bottom and sides of pan. Avoid constant stirring. When cooked through but still moist (5 to 8 minutes), serve at once.
For questions 46 to 48, complete the text with appropriate words
Indikato  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
Soal:
46. A. sugar        B. water        C. milk       D. salt and pepper
Indikator  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
pilihan:
47. A. Pour      B. Heat                C.Put                        C. Move
Indikator  : Menentukan kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi teks rumpang
pilihan:
48. A. fast                   B. Slowly                C. hard               D. calmly
Indikator  : Menentukan susunan kata yang tepat untuk membuat kalimat sederhana yang      
                   bermakna.
Soal:
49. Question 49
What is the best arrangements for the following words to become a good sentence?
Willopen-Monday and Wednesdaybe- each- afternoonsThe Uniform Shop
  1  2                        3                            45                    6                  7 
A. 3-5-1-4-2-6-7                             C. 5-1-4-2-6-3-7
B. 7-1-4-2-5-3-6                             D. 7-2-1-4-3-6-5
Indikator  : Menentukan susunan kalimat yang tepat untuk membuat paragraf yang padu                              
                   dan bermakna
Soal:
50. Question 50
What is the best arrangement for the following sentences to become a good paragraph?
1-Most people who meet him think he is strange, but I believe he is just shy.
2-He does not have many friends, but he does not mind.
3-Mr. Bean is one of my favourite characters.
4-He is slim and of medium height.
5-He usually wears a brown suit.
6-He likes to drive his small car and he loves his teddy bear.
7-He has brown eyes and short brown hair.
8-He is an ordinary-looking man.
A. 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8                            C. 3-8-4-7-5-2-6-1
B. 8-4-1-5-2-3-6-7                            D. 2-3-4-5-1-6-7-8